![]() Įvidence of safety in early pregnancy is mixed as of 2017. Newborns of women given this drug late in pregnancy had a higher risk of developing neonatal jaundice. It however should not be used in late pregnancy due to the potential risk of hemolytic anemia in the newborn. It is one of the few drugs commonly used in pregnancy to treat UTIs. Nitrofurantoin is pregnancy category B in the United States and pregnancy category A in Australia. Many or all strains of the following genera are resistant to nitrofurantoin: Īntibiotic susceptibility testing should always be performed to further elucidate the resistance profile of the particular strain of bacteria causing infection. It is used in the treatment of infections caused by these organisms. Nitrofurantoin has been shown to have good activity against: Nitrofurantoin is not recommended for the treatment of pyelonephritis, and intra-abdominal abscess, because of extremely poor tissue penetration and low blood levels. The efficacy of nitrofurantoin in treating UTIs combined with a low rate of bacterial resistance to this agent makes it one of the first-line agents for treating uncomplicated UTIs as recommended by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Increasing bacterial antibiotic resistance to other commonly used agents, such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones, has led to increased interest in using nitrofurantoin. Medical uses 100 mg Macrobid, CanadaĬurrent uses include the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and prophylaxis against UTIs in people prone to recurrent UTIs. In 2020, it was the 167th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. While it usually works by slowing bacterial growth, it may result in bacterial death at the high concentrations found in urine. While it appears to be generally safe during pregnancy it should not be used near delivery. ![]() It should not be used in people with kidney problems. Rarely numbness, lung problems, or liver problems may occur. Ĭommon side effects include nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and headaches. Nitrofurantoin is an antibacterial medication used to treat urinary tract infections, but it is not as effective for kidney infections. ![]()
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